There are two cooling systems on the CNC: internal water cooling and an external mister. The air hose and vacuum are also crucial in keeping the CNC clean.
The water cooling is for the motors inside the spindle.
Just a basic water pump that’s also used in aquariums, etc. Both the pump and the draining end of the tubing loop need to sit in the bucket, submerged in the water. Turn on and off by plugging and unplugging the pump.
The bucket’s water should be switched out around every 6 months. The water should be fairly clean and clear. Fill up the bucket as much as you can, because more water makes it harder to raise the overall temperature in the bucket, keeping it cooler.
Particles and dust in the water eventually build up in the tubing in the CNC. Flushing out the CNC every now and then helps prevent this. Put the pump in a bucket of clean water, let it drain into a second bucket, and wait until all the clean water gets pumped through the CNC into the second bucket. Doing this once or twice helps flush out anything stuck that slows down cooling.
The mister cools the bit itself, because it gets hot as it cuts. It also keeps the area around the bit clear of chips and debris.
The air compressor compresses air. Once turned on, it only compresses (makes loud noise) every now and again, when the psi drops below the set psi (usually around 40?). Blue tubing is compressed air tubing. The tubing is routed to two places: the mister (near the spindle), and the air hose.